There can never be a blanket definition of where that thin gray line is, since we all have different ideas of what is and is not offensive.

The USPA Instructor Rating Manual states in T3—Tandem Method, Section 3-4, F—Tandem Emergencies: “In the event of a main canopy malfunction, decide and act by 3,000 feet to cut away and deploy reserve.”

Instructors have been performing a lot of currency training lately and overall have been doing a great job. However, our recent incident reports show that one area of emergency-procedure training could use more emphasis: low-altitude emergencies under canopy.

For jumpers, earning a judge rating can be another means of progress and personal development within the sport.

A good incident report gives a thorough account of what happened without glossing over unsavory information or leaving out crucial facts.